太阳能和风力发电需要配备大规模的储能装置以平抑功率波动，现有可用的储能设备成本偏高，还有待发展和创新。太阳能热发电系统在储能方面的灵活性好，可以储热也可以储冷，热量和冷量可分别用于热力循环的热端和冷端。鉴于超临界CO₂循环效率随着冷端温度降低而显著升高，并且工质沸点温度足够低，可降温的空间很大，提出带储冷的超临界CO₂循环太阳能热发电系统的概念，通过制冷来间接储存多余的新能源电力。对主参数分别为550 ℃/20 MPa和700 ℃/30 MPa的超临界CO₂循环的热力学分析表明，上述系统的储能量可达太阳能热发电站发电量的10%，储能效率可达60%以上。初步的经济性分析表明，此系统用于弃风、弃光电力的回收，约3～5年可收回储能设备投资，具有较好的经济性。

Solar energy and wind power need to be equipped with large-scale energy storage devices to suppress power fluctuations. The cost of available energy storage equipment is relatively high, which needs to be developed and innovated. The solar thermal power generation system has good flexibility in energy storage. It can store heat or cool. Heat and cold are used in the hot end and cold end of thermal cycle respectively. In view of the remarkable increase of supercritical CO₂ cycle efficiency with the decrease of cold end temperature, and the low boiling point temperature of working substance, there is a large room for cooling. The concept of supercritical CO₂ cycle solar thermal power generation system with cold storage is proposed, which indirectly stores surplus new energy power through refrigeration. Thermodynamic analysis of supercritical CO₂ cycle with main parameters of 550 ℃/20 MPa and 700 ℃/30 MPa respectively shows that the energy storage capacity of the above system can reach 10% of the power generation capacity of solar thermal power station, and the energy storage efficiency can reach more than 60%. The preliminary economic analysis shows that the system can recover the investment of energy storage equipment for about 3 to 5 years, and has good economy.