基于先进的物联网设备在电力系统中的应用以及5G通讯网络的发展，提出了一种完全分布式的相位独立的三阶段电压调控方案。该方案通过对系统中分布式能源(distributed energy resource, DER)可用的有功和无功功率进行分配来实现对出现电压问题节点的电压调节。第一阶段为该方案的规划阶段，针对配电网较高R/X这一情况，提出了一种扰动测量法来代替传统的雅可比矩阵，定量分析了网络R/X对三相不平衡的非线性网络中节点电压灵敏度的影响。第二阶段是所有节点在无向通讯网络中基于一致性控制算法来实现电压偏差的信息共享。第三阶段中的每个DER单元的下垂控制器根据前两阶段的信号来调节功率输出进而对电压进行调控。案例研究的结果验证了提出的调控方案能够在不同R/X的情况下有效地处理网络中的三相不平衡电压问题。

Considering wide deployment of advanced IoT infrastructure in the future power system as well as the development of 5G technology, a fully distributed three-stage phase independently voltage regulation strategy is proposed in this paper. Voltage issue can be regulated collectively by utilizing the available real and reactive power of distributed energy resource (DER). In the first planning stage, a perturbation approach is proposed as the substitute of conventional Jacobian analysis to quantify the local voltage sensitivity in the three-phase unbalanced nonlinear distribution network under different R/X of the line. In the second stage, based on the consensus algorithm, an average voltage deviation can be achieved without the need of central controllers via an undirected communication network. In the third stage, independent droop controller of each DER is initiated to proportionally allocate the available P/Q of DER to support the voltage. Results of case study verify that the proposed regulation strategy can effectively deal with the unbalanced voltage problems in the network.