针对高比例新能源并网后系统惯量减小可能导致频率失稳的问题，提出一种考虑最小惯量约束的电力系统安全预警与辅助决策方法。首先，建立双约束临界惯量评估模型，通过频率变化率约束与频率最低点约束联合求解临界惯量，提升安全边界精度。其次，构建源-网-荷-储等效惯量计算框架，精确统计系统总惯量水平并量化传统机组、新能源虚拟惯量、负荷惯量及储能动态惯量的具体贡献。当实际系统惯量低于临界惯量时触发预警并计算惯量缺额，同时以系统运行成本最小为目标，建立含惯量安全约束的多资源优化调度模型，通过协同调节机组出力、新能源调频策略与储能充放电策略，实现电力系统惯量安全预警与辅助决策。仿真表明：所提惯量安全双约束模型可有效避免传统单约束模型的漏判风险；所提预警机制能提前识别惯量短缺并量化缺额；所提辅助决策方案在保障频率安全的同时，可显著降低系统运行成本。

Against the risk of frequency instability arising from reduced system inertia due to the integration of highproportion new nergy into the power grid, this paper proposes a power system safety forewarning and auxiliary decisionmaking  method  considering  minimum  inertia  constraints.  Firstly,  a  dual-constraint  critical  inertia  evaluation  model  is established, which calculates the critical inertia by integrating the rate of change of frequency constraint and the minimum frequency  constraint,  thereby  improving  the  accuracy  of  the  inertia  safety  boundary.  Secondly,  an  equivalent  inertia calculation framework for the source-grid-load-storage system is constructed to accurately calculate the total system inertia level and quantify the specific contributions of virtual inertia from conventional units and new energy sources, load inertia, and  dynamic  inertia  from  energy  storage.  Once  the  actual  system  inertia  falls  below  the  critical  inertia  threshold,  a forewarning is activated and the inertia deficit is quantified; meanwhile, to minimize the system operating cost, a multiresource optimal dispatch model incorporating inertia security constraints is developed. By coordinately adjusting the output of conventional units, the frequency regulation strategies of new energy sources, and the charging-discharging strategies of energy storage, the proposed method achieves inertia safety forewarning and auxiliary decision-making for power systems. Simulation results demonstrate that: the proposed dual-constraint inertia safety model effectively avoids the risk of missed judgment  inherent  in  traditional  single-constraint  models;  the  proposed  forewarning  mechanism  enables  advance identification  of  inertia  shortages  and  quantifies  the  deficit;  the  proposed  auxiliary  decision-making  scheme  significantly reduces system operating costs while ensuring frequency security.