虚拟电厂 (virtual power plant, VPP) 是整合分布式能源的关键载体，可提升能效和促进可再生能源消纳，但单一 VPP 调节能力和竞争力有限，多 VPP 联合运行更具经济和低碳优势。基于此，提出一种考虑综合需求响应与多能源交互的多 VPP 优化调度方法，并用改进的 Shapley 值对收益进行分配。首先，构建了融合综合需求响应与能源交互的多 VPP 协同调度模型，通过需求响应引导负荷变化，起到削峰填谷的作用；通过多 VPP 的能源交互，充分利用供能侧的能源资源，提升系统经济性。其次，在收益分配中引入经济、能源交易和环境三维评价指标，改进传统 Shapley 值法，使利益分配的依据更全面。仿真结果表明，所提模型在降低运行成本、减少碳排放的同时，通过多维指标量化成员出力，更能全面反映各 VPP 的实际贡献。

A virtual power plant (VPP) serves as a key platform for integrating distributed energy resources, enhancing energy  efficiency,  and  promoting  the  absorption  of  renewable  energy.  However,  a  single  VPP  has  limited  regulation
capacity and competitiveness, whereas the coordinated operation of multiple VPPs offers greater economic and low-carbon advantages.  Based  on  this,  this  paper  proposes  an  optimal  dispatch  method  for  multiple  VPPs  that  considers  integrated demand response and multi-energy interactions, and employs an improved Shapley value for benefit distribution. Firstly, a collaborative  dispatch  model  for  multiple  VPPs  incorporating  integrated  demand  response  and  energy  interactions  is established.  By  guiding  load  changes  through  demand  response,  the  model  achieves  peak  shaving  and  valley  filling.Through energy interactions among multiple VPPs, energy resources on the supply side are fully utilized, improving system economics. Secondly, in the benefit distribution process, a three-dimensional evaluation index system—covering economic,energy transaction, and environmental aspects—is introduced to enhance the traditional Shapley value method, providing a more comprehensive basis for benefit allocation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model not only reduces operating costs and carbon emissions but also quantifies the contributions of each VPP member through multi-dimensional indicators, thereby more comprehensively reflecting their actual input.