由于高比例新能源大规模并网，电网对频率调节提出了更高要求，针对传统火电机组由于频繁爬坡导致其调频损耗大和经济性差的问题，提出一种计及火电/压缩空气储能 (compressed air energy storage, CAES) 响应特性的混合储能系统 (hybrid energy storage system, HESS) 二次调频策略。首先，采用改进自适应完备集合经验模态分解 (improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise, ICEEMDAN) 和多尺度排列熵(multiscale permutation entropy, MPE) 的方法将自动发电控制指令分解为高频分量和低频分量；其次，依据火电机组与 CAES 在动态响应时间与调节惯性上的相似性提出一种火电-HESS 系统协同控制方法，基于该方法完成高/低频分量在不同机组之间的合理分配，实现对系统调频性能的提升并降低火电机组的出力；最后，通过 Matlab/Simulink 搭建火电-HESS 系统算例对所提策略的调频性能和经济性进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明，所提策略可在二次调频过程中充分发挥火电/CAES 相似性的特点，以及 HESS 系统兼备快速响应和大容量的优势，有效降低和平滑火电机组出力，提升火电-HESS 系统的调频性能以及经济效益。

With the large-scale integration of high-penetration renewable energy into the power grid, there are increasing demands for frequency regulation. To address the issues of high regulation losses and poor economic performance resulting from the  frequent  ramping  of  conventional  thermal  power  units,  this  paper  proposes  a  secondary  frequency  regulation strategy for a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) that incorporates the response characteristics of both thermal power and compressed air energy storage (CAES). First, the automatic generation control signal is decomposed into high-frequency and low-frequency components using the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN)  and  multiscale  permutation  entropy  (MPE)  methods.  Subsequently,  leveraging  the  similarity  between thermal power units and CAES in terms of dynamic response time and regulation inertia, a coordinated control method for a thermal-HESS  is  developed.  This  method  enables  the  rational  allocation  of  high- and  low-frequency  components  among different units, thereby enhancing the system’s frequency regulation performance while reducing the output variability of the thermal unit. Finally, a dynamic simulation model is built in Matlab/Simulink to validate the regulation performance and economic benefits of the proposed strategy. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can fully leverage the analogous response characteristics between thermal power and CAES during secondary frequency regulation, as well as the complementary advantages of the HESS in terms of fast response and large capacity. This coordinated approach effectively reduces  and  smoothens  the  output  of  the  thermal  power  unit,  thereby  enhancing  the  overall  frequency  regulation performance and economic benefits of the thermal-HESS.