With the large-scale integration of distributed generation (DG) and power electronic devices, the power system exhibits significant low-inertia and time-varying characteristics. Traditional thermal-energy storage joint frequency regulation strategies, typically relying on fixed parameters, struggle to adapt to dynamic fluctuations in system inertia and lack refined consideration of the full life-cycle economics of energy storage. To address these issues, a cooperative frequency control strategy for thermal-storage systems is proposed, based on online inertia assessment and adaptive deadband optimization. A hierarchical oordination mechanism is established: under small disturbance conditions, the energy storage system (ESS) acts as a fastresponse istributed flexible resource with priority, utilizing a low deadband to prevent frequent wear on thermal units. Under large disturbance onditions, the strategy identifies the real-time equivalent inertia based on the inverse solution of the system frequency response and adaptively adjusts the ESS's virtual inertia and droop coefficients to provide dynamic damping compensation. Furthermore, an improved life-cycle cost model accounting for cycle life degradation is developed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively suppresses system oscillations and significantly reduces comprehensive regulation costs, offering a techno-economically optimal solution for distributed energy storage participating in ancillary services and frequency governance in low-inertia grids.

 [Objectives] To address the poor operational stability and high unit hydrogen production cost caused by strong power fluctuations of wind and photovoltaic (PV) renewable energy, this study investigates an optimized control strategy for a dual-channel hybrid hydrogen production system under wind-PV coupled application scenarios. [Methods] An optimized control strategy for a dual-channel electrolytic cell system based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and Petri net-based start-stop correction is proposed. Wind and PV power signals are decomposed using EEMD, and power components at different frequency bands are allocated to alkaline and proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolytic cells according to their dynamic response characteristics. Meanwhile, a Petri net model is employed to construct start-stop logic for electrolytic cells, effectively suppressing frequent switching under low-load conditions. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization model is established with the objectives of maximizing system energy conversion efficiency and minimizing the unit hydrogen production cost, which is solved using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. [Results] Simulation results based on measured wind-PV power output data from the Zhangbei region indicate that the optimized hybrid hydrogen production system achieves an energy conversion efficiency of 58.64% and a unit hydrogen production cost of 2.3958 USD/kg. Compared with conventional single-type hydrogen production schemes, the proposed method improves efficiency by 15.25% and reduces cost by 1.7384 USD/kg, while significantly decreasing the number of start-stop events of electrolytic cells. [Conclutions] The results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy effectively enhances system stability and reduces economic cost, providing a practical and feasible optimization approach for the efficient operation of wind-PV hydrogen production systems.

To address the challenges of power fluctuations and ramping demands faced by regional integrated energy systems under high penetration of renewable energy， this paper focuses on the ramping support capability of Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage （AA-CAES）. A multi-timescale optimization dispatch model for regional integrated energy systems incorporating AA-CAES ramping capability is established. First， an operational model of AA-CAES is established to analyze its support capability for thermal power ramping. Second， a multi-timescale optimization dispatch strategy for regional integrated energy systems incorporating AA-CAES ramping capability is proposed. Long-timescale optimization minimizes operational costs while ensuring system power balance， and short timescale dynamic power correction is achieved using Model Predictive Control （MPC）. Simulation results demonstrate that multi-timescale scheduling， incorporating AA-CAES ramping capability， effectively enhances the system's resilience to renewable energy fluctuations， reduces thermal power dispatch requirements， lowers operational costs， and improves the integration of renewable energy. This approach provides theoretical guidance for the economic and stable operation of regional integrated energy systems.

Under the background of the "dual carbon" goals， the contradiction between the high proportion of renewable energy grid connection and the reliance on fossil energy has become increasingly prominent. To coordinate low-carbon constraints with energy security， this paper proposes an optimized scheduling model for virtual power plants （VPP） based on the collaboration of carbon capture （CCS）， electric-to-gas （P2G）， and electric vehicles （EV）. This model builds an integrated framework of "emission reduction - conversion - benefit" by aggregating distributed resources such as gas turbine units， combined heat and power （CHP）， wind power， photovoltaic power and EVs： Firstly， CCS is used to capture CO ₂ ； Secondly， through CCS-P2G， carbon dioxide is converted into methane by utilizing the abandoned wind and photovoltaic energy， and the captured CO₂ is consumed to form a carbon cycle. Finally， aggregated EVs participate in carbon market transactions and increase their profits by using the China Certified Emission Reductions （CCER） they generate. The case analysis based on MATLAB/CPLEX shows that

compared with the traditional gas-CHP system model， the model proposed in this paper can reduce carbon emissions

by 91. 3% （from 2，466. 9 tons to 214. 34 tons）， lower the cost of wind and solar power curtailage by 50，249. 30 yuan， and increase the consumption rate of renewable energy. And by selling CCER， the net cost of VPP was reduced by 8，208. 42 yuan. Ultimately， the overall net cost of VPP was reduced by 77，562. 28 yuan. The research verified the effectiveness of multi-technology collaboration in enhancing the economic and environmental benefits of VPP，providing theoretical support and practical paths for the low-carbon transformation of the new power system.

As a core domain in global energy transition and low-carbon development， hydrogen energy holds significant importance for supporting industrial innovation and talent cultivation through disciplinary development. Currently， universities and research institutions worldwide are actively exploring pathways to establish hydrogen energy disciplinary systems. Based on systematic research into hydrogen energy discipline development， this paper examines the current state of such development in China and explores practical approaches centered on talent cultivation and curriculum system construction. Analyzing aspects such as disciplinary layout， curriculum systems， research platforms， and faculty development， it elucidates achievements in cultivating specialized talent， driving technological innovation， and serving industrial growth through examining disciplinary development objectives， innovative teaching methods， and resource integration. Simultaneously， it dissects existing challenges and proposes targeted optimization strategies， aiming to provide theoretical references and practical insights for China's high-quality hydrogen energy discipline development. It identifies existing issues in current discipline development， including insufficient interdisciplinary integration， scarcity of practical resources， and room for improvement in internationalization. Recommendations are provided for the next phase of hydrogen energy discipline development and exploration in China，offering guidance for the sustainable advancement of this field and driving the high-quality development of China'shydrogen energy industry.